International Conference on Communications and Media Studies

Key satellite communication spectrum detail has Trai in a bind

New Delhi: The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) is in a bind while charting out modalities for auctioning airwaves for satellite communication.

As per officials aware of the details, the biggest challenge that the regulator is facing is around which unit to use while selling such spectrum. Since satellite spectrum is different from access or mobile spectrum, selling it on a per MHz basis may not be a feasible option. In case, some quantum has to be given on a per MHz basis, specific supporting conditions need to be prescribed.

Officials told ET that the regulator has had around three rounds of discussions with the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) on the matter but hasn’t found a solution so far. The DoT, on its part, has made it clear that while it wants satcom airwaves to be auctioned, it is the Trai’s responsibility to spell out the modalities.

Trai is currently working on issuing a consultation paper on the modalities around auction of satellite spectrum.

“The regulator is working on the issue, and we expect the satellite consultation paper by the end of this month or by early April. We firmly believe that price needs to be discovered by market forces and that can only happen by auction model,” said a DoT official, asking not to be named.

Another official added that if for some reason the Trai comes up with a view that it is not possible to auction satcom spectrum, then it must specify the reasons. “Otherwise, it will be difficult for the DoT to take any decision.”

The department feels that in the absence of an auction, it would need to seek clarification from the Supreme Court if satellite spectrum can be allocated administratively. But then, the whole process would be time consuming.

On its part, the DoT had earlier suggested different models to the regulator to sell satellite spectrum to the highest bidder. As per the DoT proposal, the auction should be done on a satellite constellation basis and that all the three segments used for space communications—spectrum for gateways, uplink and downlink frequencies as well as airwaves used for connecting users—have to be auctioned.

ET had reported in November last year about the DoT proposal on satellite spectrum. As per the DoT option, just like spectrum is being auctioned on a licensed service area (LSA) basis to mobile operators, satcom spectrum to be used in space can be given on an angular basis in latitude and longitude.

In addition, the DoT has suggested that gateways should be set up in sparsely populated areas and pricing can be given on a pan-India basis assuming three gateways per city. With that calculation, there could be around 2,000 gateways across the country and pricing can be given accordingly.

Certain quantum of airwaves can also be given on a mix-use basis—pan India for IMT (mobile communications) and satcom use.

Companies such as Bharti-backed OneWeb, Reliance Jio’s JV with Luxembourg-based SES, Elon Musk’s Starlink and the Tata-Telesat combine are working on creating a constellation of satellites to deliver ‘broadband-from-space’ services in India. The satellite communications market in India is at a nascent stage but the potential is huge, particularly in rural and remote areas. As per an EY-ISpA report, India's space economy is set to rise to $13 billion by 2025 at a CAGR of 6%.

Bharti Enterprises chairman Sunil Mittal has already stated that spectrum for satcom services can’t be auctioned on the lines of 5G as these airwaves are shared, required only in limited areas, and also the business is not going to make billions of dollars of revenue. He added that in case the government decides to auction the spectrum, these factors should be kept in mind while designing the process, otherwise India could potentially miss out on satellite services.

International Conference on Communications and Media Studies

3rd Edition COMMS | 27-28 March 2023 | Malaysia

Key satellite communication spectrum detail has Trai in a bind

Visit……………https://communications-conferences.sciencefather.com

Monday, March 13, 2023

What are informal communication ?

Informal communications include speaking to a person about the weather, writing an email about your holiday, sending a birthday card or talking to someone at the grocery shop. Informal communications can also be gestures (with no words). Informal communication in the workplace is often called ‘the grapevine’.

What are informal communication methods like?

Informal communications are like relaxed conversations with friends. You do not have to respond in writing. Usually, you do not have to respond at all. If you wish, you can just smile or nod, and listen to the person talking.

What is the purpose of informal communication methods?

The purpose of informal communications is to share information in a casual way. It may be to advise your family about your health, to tell a joke, or to share the company of co-workers or friends. Informal communication is relaxing and reduces stress. There is often laughter.

Some managers use informal communications methods to find out what staff honestly think about something, or to support formal communications in the workplace. Some staff use informal communications methods to let their managers know about their concerns, without having to put it in writing or speak to them face to face.

Where does informal communication methods fit into workplace communication?

Random emgagement
Informal Communication methods
Knowledge Transfer

What is the principle structure of informal communication methods?

Informal communication methods have no principle structure and obey no ‘rules’. Informal communication typically goes randomly from one topic to another. This is why information communication is often called the ‘grapevine’ in the workplace because information is passed on quickly from one person to another like a grapevine grows.

The risk with informal communications methods is that false information can be passed on. Information that is spread on ‘the grapevine’ travels quickly and facts may wrong or distorted. This can lead to the rapid spread of false rumours.
What are the different types of informal communication methods?

Types of informal communication methods include:Talking to your friends, family or work colleagues on the phone about personal matters
Talking around the dinner table with family
Sending a friendly email to friends or colleagues
Chatting casually with people at a social occasion such as a wedding or a work dinner
Waving to friends when you walk by them
Hugging a friend when you meet and greet them
Passing a note in a meeting to a colleague about a personal matter
Shaking hands with a colleague when you meet them
Patting someone on the back to show that you support them
Sending a congratulations card to someone who has passed their exams
Winking at someone in a friendly way
Raising your eyebrows to show concern or confusion
Shaking your fist to show your anger or displeasure
Saluting to show respect to a higher ranked officer (in the military forces)

What terms are used when using informal communication methods?

Some of the common terms for informal communication methods are:Dinnertime means the time of day when your family eats their evening meal.

Factual means something you can prove to be true.

Family means the people who dwell in your home, or the people related to you by blood lines, or by choice. Not all family members are kin to you by blood, but they are all important.
Formal means that the communication is official and important to an organisation.
Gossip means something you have heard but cannot prove to be a fact.
Grapevine means the information communication networks in an organization.
Informal means that the communication is relaxed.
Punctual means to be on time.

International Conference on Communications and Media Studies

3rd Edition COMMS | 27-28 March 2023 | Malaysia

What is Informal Communications

Visit…………https://communications-conferences.sciencefather.com

Wednesday, March 8, 2023

What is formal communication

Formal communication is an exchange of official information between people within the same organization who are often at different levels within the organizational hierarchy. It's a controlled means of communication that follows predefined channels and adheres to predetermined rules, standards, processes and regulations set by the company. Formal communication follows the organization's chain of command, with a top-down structure, meaning that higher-ranking employees often use it to send various messages and instructions to lower-level individuals.

Why is formal communication important

Some of the main reasons it's important to implement formal workplace communication include:

It clearly defines and establishes authority. Using formal communication within an organization helps create an efficient flow of information between higher-level and lower-level employees. This, in turn, helps subordinates know exactly what their responsibilities are and who they report to.

It improves overall efficiency. Having efficient communication usually means that overall efficiency, at all levels, is likely to improve. The main reason for that is the fact that properly implementing formal communication tends to significantly reduce ambiguities.

It reduces the likelihood of mistakes and errors. Communicating within the boundaries of formal communication tends to reduce the change of any mistakes and errors occurring, as the message is usually more clearly understood and comes from a source of authority.

It can create discipline. Clearly defining an organization's hierarchy and using formal communication for internal messaging can improve overall discipline, as everyone knows exactly who they report to and who reports to them.

It can improve work coordination. Formal communication across different departments within an organization can help them better coordinate their work, due to the unambiguous messaging and clearly defined chain of command.

It tends to be more credible when sending important messages. Using formal communication for high-priority messaging, such as company objectives, overall business directions or direct orders to employees or departments, is usually seen as more reliable and credible by the recipients, which makes it more likely that they would fully comply.

Types of formal communication

There are four major ways an organization can use formal communication:

Downward communication: This is the most common type of formal communication and represents the flow of information from the company's management to its subordinates. It usually consists of various instructions and orders that are passed down in written or oral form, through reports, memos, emails, manuals and others.

Upward communication: This is the opposite of downward communication and therefore represents the messages passed from subordinates to management. It can take various forms, such as requests, reports, complaints and suggestions.

Horizontal communication: Also known as lateral communication, this type of formal communication takes place between coworkers who have different roles but are on the same hierarchical level within the organization. Communication between managers of different departments within the same organization is typically the most common example of horizontal communication.

Diagonal communication: Also known as crosswise communication, diagonal communication is when employees who work for different departments within the same organization and are also on different hierarchical levels formally communicate with each other. It usually consists of various employees communicating with managers of different departments, such as HR, marketing or finance.

Formal communication methods

Here are some of the most widely used methods of formal communication

Meetings: Scheduled meetings within the same department or involving several departments typically use formal communication, especially the upward and downward types.

Activity reports: one or more subordinates formally describe their activity. It is a common example of upward communication.

Memos: Short for memorandum, a memo is a written message sent to a large number of people within an organization or department, regarding various procedures or business dealings.

Letters and emails: Letters, in either physical or electronic form, are a widely used method of formal communication.

Formal discussions: A one-on-one discussion between people working for the same organization, in similar or different places on the hierarchical scale, is also an often-used method of formal communication.

International Conference on Communications and Media Studies

3rd Edition COMMS | 27-28 March 2023 | Malaysia

Types of Communications Visit…………https://communications-conferences.sciencefather.com

Friday, March 3, 2023

Types of Communications

1. Formal Communication

Formal communication means the communication which travels through the formally established channels. In other words, communication which travels through the formal chain of command or lines of hierarchy of authority is called the formal communication. Under it, information is given through the formally designed channel or network. It is designed, controlled and regulated by the management.

Advantages of Formal Communication It helps in the fixation of responsibility and accountability.

It helps in maintaining the lines of authority in the organization.
It helps in maintaining discipline.
It ensures orderly flow of communication.

Disadvantages of Formal Communication It lacks personal contacts and relationship.

It is time consuming. It takes much time to communicate.
It creates a bottleneck in the flow of information because almost all information is channeled through a single executive.
It obstructs free, smooth and accurate circulation of information in an organization.

International Conference on Communications and Media Studies

3rd Edition COMMS | 27-28 March 2023 | Malaysia

Types of Communications

Visit…………https://communications-conferences.sciencefather.com